Ease of Doing Business in Peru
營商環(huán)境報(bào)告2013——秘魯部分(駐秘魯使館經(jīng)商處節(jié)選編譯)
Region 所屬地區(qū) |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比地區(qū) |
Income Category 收入等級(jí) |
Upper middle income 中上等收入 |
Population 人口 |
29,399,817 |
GNI Per Capita (US$) 人均國民收入(美元) |
5,500 |
Doing Business 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
Doing Business 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
43 |
41 |
|
Topic Rankings 排名 |
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
Starting a Business 開辦企業(yè) |
60 |
53 |
|
Dealing with Construction Permits 取得建筑許可 |
86 |
104 |
|
Getting Electricity 取得電力 |
77 |
78 |
|
Registering Property 產(chǎn)權(quán)注冊(cè) |
19 |
21 |
|
Getting Credit 取得貸款 |
23 |
23 |
無變化 |
Protecting Investors 投資者保護(hù) |
13 |
17 |
|
Paying Taxes 支付稅收 |
85 |
87 |
|
Trading Across Borders 跨境貿(mào)易 |
60 |
58 |
|
Enforcing Contracts 合同執(zhí)行 |
115 |
115 |
No change |
Resolving Insolvency 解決無償付能力 |
106 |
106 |
No change |
Starting a Business
開辦企業(yè)
The challenges of launching a business are shown below. Included are: the number of steps entrepreneurs can expect to go through to launch, the time it takes on average, and the cost and minimum capital required as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita.
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
60 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
53 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Procedures (number) 程序 數(shù)量 注冊(cè)公司的需要的程序的數(shù)量。程序是公司創(chuàng)建人為建立公司與外部各方(如政府、代理機(jī)構(gòu)、律師、審計(jì)處、公證處等)交流的過程。 |
5 |
9 |
5 |
Time (days) 時(shí)間 注冊(cè)公司需要的總時(shí)間。根據(jù)公司律師指出的完成公司注冊(cè)所需的最少步驟且無額外費(fèi)用的時(shí)間。 |
26 |
53 |
12 |
Cost (% of income per capita) 成本 成本是成立公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)投入,包括所有官方費(fèi)用和專業(yè)服務(wù)的費(fèi)用。被記為人均收入的百分比。 |
10.6 |
33.7 |
4.5 |
Paid-in Min. Capital (% of income per capit 最低投入資本 企業(yè)在注冊(cè)公司前需要存入銀行或公證處的資金,被記為人均收入的百分比。 |
0.0 |
3.7 |
13.3 |
No. |
Procedure 程序 |
Time to Complete 完成時(shí)間 |
Associated Costs 大約成本 |
1 |
Check the uniqueness of company name and reserve it online 檢查公司名字和指標(biāo)的唯一性 |
1 天 |
PEN 9 for search + PEN 9 for reservation 每個(gè)9秘魯新索爾+預(yù)約9秘魯新索爾 |
2 |
Prepare draft deed of incorporation with the notary online 準(zhǔn)備公司成立協(xié)議草稿 |
1 天 |
no charge 不收費(fèi) |
3 |
Sign the deed of incorporation before a notary public, file online the deed of incorporation with the Public Register of Commerce and obtain Certificate of Registration and obtain taxpayer identification number (Registro Unico del Contribuyente, RUC) 到公證處簽署公司成立協(xié)議,并在網(wǎng)上向公共注冊(cè)處申報(bào)公司成立協(xié)議,取得注冊(cè)證書和納稅人身份號(hào)碼(RUC) |
8 天 |
USD 200 notary fee (both fees depend on market conditions) plus registration fees which are composed by: 0.3% of capital + USD 15 for performing the registration + USD 8 per appointment of each director, manager or other representative, up to the limit of PEN 3,650 (equivalent to 1 UIT - Peruvian Tax Unit as of January 2012). 公證費(fèi)用200美元(取決于市場(chǎng)情況)加上注冊(cè)費(fèi)(一般為注冊(cè)資本的0.3%),加15美元注冊(cè)執(zhí)行費(fèi),8美元每任命一名董事、經(jīng)理或代表)最多為3650新索爾(相當(dāng)于秘魯2012年1月1個(gè)稅務(wù)單位) |
4 |
The notary stamps the accounting book and the minute book 公證公司賬本和紀(jì)要本 |
1 天 |
USD 7 per book of no more than 100 pages. Most companies have between 5 and 9 of these books. Thus, the cost will range between USD 35 and USD 63. 不超過100頁的書每本7美元。大多數(shù)公司有5-9本。費(fèi)用在35-63美元之間。 |
5 |
Obtain municipal license from the City Council 取得市政府經(jīng)營許可 |
15 天 |
Fees vary depending on the District Council where the company’s office is located. In San Isidro between PEN 391 and PEN 489. 費(fèi)用取決于公司辦公室所處的位置,在San Isidro區(qū)費(fèi)用在391秘魯新索爾 和489 秘魯新索爾之間。 |
Dealing with Construction Permits
辦理建筑許可證
Shown below are the procedures, time, and costs to build a warehouse, including obtaining necessary licenses and permits, completing required notifications and inspections, and obtaining utility connections.
以下列出了建設(shè)一個(gè)倉庫的程序、時(shí)間和成本,包括取得必需的許可證和執(zhí)照,完成要求的通知和檢驗(yàn),取得公共服務(wù)連接。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
86 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
104 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 | ||
程序數(shù)量 |
14 |
13 |
14 | ||
時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
173 |
225 |
143 | ||
成本Cost(% of income per capita) |
62.8 |
143.7 |
78.7 |
No. |
Procedure 程序 |
Time to Complete 完成時(shí)間 |
Associated Costs 預(yù)計(jì)成本 (PEN 秘魯新索爾) |
1 |
Obtain property ownership certificate 取得財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)證書 |
2 天 |
15 |
2 |
Submit Preliminary Design for Consultation to the Municipality (Revision de Anteproyecto) 提交初步設(shè)計(jì)供市政府咨詢 |
10天 |
1,466 |
3 |
Obtain Construction License from the Municipality (Licencia de Obra para Edificacion nueva) 從市政府取得建筑施工許可證(建設(shè)新工程許可證) |
45天 |
3,909 |
4 |
Receive first of a minimum of three inspections during construction 接受建筑過程中至少3次檢查中的第1次檢查 |
1天 |
977 |
5 |
Receive second of a minimum of three inspections during the construction 接受建筑過程中至少3次檢查中的第2次檢查 |
1天 |
不收費(fèi) |
6 |
Receive third of a minimum of three inspections during the construction 接受建筑過程中至少3次檢查中的第3次檢查 |
1天 |
不收費(fèi) |
7 |
Request water supply service feasibility study from water utility SEDAPAL 向SEDAPAL申請(qǐng)做供水可行性研究 |
30天 |
PEN 220 |
* 8 |
Receive inspection from SEDAPAL 接受SEDAPAL的檢查 |
1天 |
不收費(fèi) |
9 |
Request potable water service installation 請(qǐng)求飲用水安裝服務(wù) |
50天 |
60 |
* 10 |
Request and obtain telephone line installation 請(qǐng)求電話安裝服務(wù) |
7天 |
407 |
11 |
Notify of project completion to and receive final inspection from the Municipality 通知項(xiàng)目完成并接受市政府的最后檢驗(yàn) |
3天 |
不收費(fèi) |
12 |
Obtain construction work conformity certificate 取得工程合格證書 |
3天 |
不收費(fèi) |
13 |
Obtain Factory Statement (Declaratoria de Fábrica) 取得工廠聲明 |
7天 |
217 |
14 |
Register the Factory Statement (Declaratoria de Fábrica) with SUNARP 到SUNARP登記工廠聲明 |
20天 |
2,966 |
Getting Electricity
取得電力
The challenges required for a business to obtain a permanent electricity connection for a newly constructed warehouse are shown below. Included are the number of steps, time, and cost.
一個(gè)新建工廠取得永久性電力接入所需的工作如下所示。包括的程序的數(shù)量、時(shí)間和成本。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
77 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
78 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
程序數(shù)量 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
100 |
66 |
98 |
成本Cost(% of income per capita) |
378.2 |
559.0 |
93.0 |
No. |
Procedure 程序 |
Time to Complete 完成時(shí)間 |
Associated Costs 預(yù)計(jì)成本 |
1 |
The client submits a service application and awaits that Luz del Sur prepares a feasibility study and the budget 客戶提交服務(wù)申請(qǐng),等待南部電力公司(Luz de Sur)編制的可行性研究和預(yù)算 |
17 自然日 |
不收費(fèi) |
* 2 |
Luz del Sur inspects in situ to prepare the feasibility report 南部電力公司(Luz de Sur)到現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行檢查以準(zhǔn)備可行性報(bào)告 |
11 自然日 |
不收費(fèi) |
3 |
Luz del Sur executes the external connection works after the customer has signed the supply contract 南部電力公司(Luz de Sur)在客戶簽署合同后進(jìn)行外部連接工程 |
83 自然日 |
USD 20,800.0 |
* 4 |
During the work regarding the internal wiring Luz del Sur inspects the "System of Use" 在進(jìn)行內(nèi)部接線工程時(shí),南部電力公司(Luz de Sur)檢查使用系統(tǒng) |
1 自然日 |
不收費(fèi) |
* 5 |
Luz del Sur installs the meter and electricity starts flowing 南部電力公司(Luz de Sur)安裝電表,并開始送電 |
1 自然日 |
不收費(fèi) |
Registering Property
注冊(cè)產(chǎn)權(quán)
The ease with which businesses can secure rights to property is shown below. Included are the number of steps, time, and cost involved in registering property.
企業(yè)獲得產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)的難易如下圖所示。包括注冊(cè)產(chǎn)權(quán)步驟的數(shù)目、時(shí)間和成本。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
19 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
21 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
程序數(shù)量 |
4 |
7 |
5 |
時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
7 |
67 |
26 |
成本Cost(% of income per capita) |
3.3 |
6.0 |
4.5 |
No. |
Procedure 程序 |
Time to Complete 完成時(shí)間 |
Associated Costs 預(yù)計(jì)費(fèi)用 |
1 |
Obtain a Property Registry Certificate 取得產(chǎn)權(quán)登記證書 |
2-5 天 |
PEN 58 |
2 |
The notary public executes the sale-purchase agreement 公證處執(zhí)行買賣協(xié)議 |
1 天 |
產(chǎn)權(quán)價(jià)值的0.1-0.25% 公證費(fèi)) |
3 |
Payment of Transfer tax (“Impuesto de Alcabala”) 支付轉(zhuǎn)讓稅 |
1 天 |
超過 36,500 秘魯新索爾(10 個(gè)稅務(wù)單位UIT) 時(shí),為產(chǎn)權(quán)價(jià)值的3% |
4 |
The public deed is filed for registration with the Property Registry 公共協(xié)議歸檔登記 |
2 天 - 9 天 |
1個(gè)稅務(wù)單位的0.81%,超過14個(gè)稅務(wù)單位,為產(chǎn)權(quán)價(jià)值的千分之2.5 |
Getting Credit
取得貸款
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
23 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
23 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
0 |
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美和加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Strength of legal rights index (0-10) 法律權(quán)利強(qiáng)度指數(shù) This index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. 這個(gè)指標(biāo)衡量抵押和破產(chǎn)法保護(hù)借款人和貸款人的權(quán)利的程度,從而促進(jìn)貸款。 |
7 |
6 |
7 |
Depth of credit information index (0-6) 信貸信息深度指數(shù) This index measures rules and practices affecting the coverage, scope and accessibility of credit information available through either a public credit registry or a private credit bureau. 這個(gè)指標(biāo)衡量影響私人或公共信貸部門提供的信貸信息的范圍、深度和可接觸性的規(guī)則和實(shí)踐。 |
6 |
3 |
5 |
Public registry coverage (% of adults) 公共統(tǒng)計(jì)覆蓋范圍(%的成年人) 該指標(biāo)報(bào)告過去5年中,在公共信貸登記處登記借款的個(gè)人和上市公司信息數(shù)量。 |
31.2 |
11.1 |
10.2 |
Private bureau coverage (% of adults) 私人機(jī)構(gòu)覆蓋范圍(%的成年人) This indicator reports the number of individuals and firms listed by a private credit bureau with information on their borrowing history from the past 5 years. 該指標(biāo)報(bào)告過去5年中,在私人信貸登記處登記借款的個(gè)人和上市公司信息數(shù)量。 |
42.5 |
33.8 |
67.4 |
Protecting Investors
投資者保護(hù)
The indicators below describe three dimensions of investor protection: transparency of transactions (Extent of Disclosure Index), liability for self-dealing (Extent of Director Liability Index), shareholders’ ability to sue officers and directors for misconduct (Ease of Shareholder Suits Index) and Strength of Investor Protection Index. The indexes vary between 0 and 10, with higher values indicating greater disclosure, greater liability of directors, greater powers of shareholders to challenge the transaction, and better investor protection.
下列指標(biāo)說明了投資者保護(hù)的三個(gè)方面:交易透明度(披露范圍指數(shù)),自我交易責(zé)任(董事責(zé)任范圍指數(shù)),股東起訴管理層及董事不當(dāng)行為的能力(股東訴訟容易指數(shù))和投資者保護(hù)強(qiáng)度指數(shù)。這些指數(shù)的取值在0到10之間,數(shù)值越高,表示披露越多,董事責(zé)任越大,股東對(duì)抗交易的能力越強(qiáng),對(duì)投資者的保護(hù)更好。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
13 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
17 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Extent of disclosure index (0-10) 披露范圍指數(shù) |
9 |
4 |
6 |
Extent of director liability index (0-10) 董事責(zé)任指數(shù) |
6 |
5 |
5 |
Ease of shareholder suits index (0-10) 股東起訴方便指數(shù) |
8 |
6 |
7 |
Strength of investor protection index (0-10) 投資者保護(hù)強(qiáng)度指數(shù) |
7.7 |
5.0 |
6.1 |
Paying Taxes
付稅
This data shows the tax that a medium-size company must pay or withhold in a given year, as well as measures of the administrative burden in paying taxes. These measures include the number of payments an entrepreneur must make; the number of hours spent preparing, filing, and paying; and the percentage of their profits they must pay in taxes.
這一數(shù)據(jù)表明,一個(gè)中等規(guī)模的公司在一年內(nèi)必須支付或強(qiáng)制扣繳的稅收,以及一些在繳納稅款上的的行政負(fù)擔(dān)。這些措施包括:一個(gè)公司必須支付稅收的次數(shù),花費(fèi)的準(zhǔn)備、歸檔和支付的時(shí)間,以及支付稅收和利潤的百分比。
DB 2013 Rank 2013n年排名 |
85 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
87 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Payments (number per year) 稅種數(shù)量 The total number of tax payments per year. The indicator reflects the total number of taxes and contributions paid, the method of payment, the frequency of payment and the number of agencies involved for a standardized case during the second year of operation. 每年支付的稅種數(shù)量,該指標(biāo)反映的納稅和繳費(fèi)的總數(shù)量,支付方式,支付的頻率和參與的機(jī)構(gòu)的數(shù)量。 |
9 |
30 |
12 |
Time (hours per year) 時(shí)間(每年小時(shí)數(shù)) The time it takes to prepare, file and pay (or withhold) the corporate income tax, the value added tax and social security contributions (in hours per year). 每年用于準(zhǔn)備、歸檔和支付公司所得稅、增值稅和社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)的時(shí)間。 |
293 |
367 |
176 |
Profit tax (%) 利潤稅 The amount of taxes on profits paid by the business as a percentage of commercial profits. 利潤稅的總額,占商業(yè)利潤的百分比 |
26.7 |
21.5 |
15.2 |
Labor tax and contributions (%) 勞工稅和扣繳 The amount of taxes and mandatory contributions on labor paid by the business as a percentage of commercial profits. 用于勞工的稅收和強(qiáng)制性繳費(fèi),占利潤的百分比 |
11.0 |
14.4 |
23.8 |
Other taxes (%) 其他稅收 The amount of taxes and mandatory contributions paid by the business as a percentage of commercial profit that are not already included in the categories of profit or labor taxes. 未包含在利潤和勞工稅收中的其他強(qiáng)制繳費(fèi)金額,占利潤的百分比 |
2.8 |
11.3 |
3.7 |
Total tax rate (% profit) 總稅率 The total tax rate measures the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions payable by the business in the second year of operation, expressed as a share of commercial profits. 支付的全部稅收和強(qiáng)制性繳費(fèi),占利潤的百分比 |
40.5 |
47.2 |
42.7 |
Tax or mandatory contribution 稅收或強(qiáng)制繳費(fèi) |
Payments (number) 支付數(shù)量 |
Notes on Payments 支付備注 |
Time (hours) 時(shí)間 小時(shí) |
Statutory tax rate 稅率 |
Tax base 征收基數(shù) |
Total Tax Tate (% profit) 總稅率(利潤%) |
Notes on TTR 總稅率備注 |
Corporate income tax 公司所得稅 |
1 |
上網(wǎng)填報(bào) |
39 |
30% |
征收利潤 |
26.7 |
|
Social security contributions 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn) |
1 |
上網(wǎng)填報(bào) |
144 |
9% |
凈工資 |
10.2 |
|
Net Assets Tax (ITAN) 凈資產(chǎn)稅 |
0 |
一起支付 |
|
0% |
凈資產(chǎn) |
1.2 |
|
Real estate tax 不動(dòng)產(chǎn)稅 |
1 |
|
|
0.2%, 0.6% & 1% |
不動(dòng)產(chǎn)價(jià)值 |
1 |
|
Industrial corporations contribution 工業(yè)公司稅 |
1 |
上網(wǎng)填報(bào) |
|
1% |
毛收入 |
0.8 |
|
Fuel tax 燃料稅 |
1 |
|
|
每升2.11 索爾 |
消費(fèi) 燃料 |
0.5 |
|
Vehicles tax 車輛稅 |
1 |
|
|
1% |
車輛價(jià)值 |
0.1 |
|
Value added tax (VAT) 增值稅 |
1 |
上網(wǎng)填報(bào) |
110 |
18% |
附加值 |
0 |
未包括 |
Financial transactions tax 金融交易稅 |
1 |
|
|
0% |
交易價(jià)值 |
0 |
|
Arbitrios (public services contributions) 公共服務(wù)賦稅 |
1 |
|
|
不同稅率 |
|
0 |
小金額 |
Totals: 總計(jì) |
9 |
|
293 |
|
|
40.5 |
|
Trading Across Borders
跨境貿(mào)易
The costs and procedures involved in importing and exporting a standardized shipment of goods are detailed under this topic. Documents associated with every official procedure are counted - starting from the final contractual agreement between the two parties, and ending with the delivery of the goods.
進(jìn)出口貨物涉及的成本和程序在以下詳細(xì)列出。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
60 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
58 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
|
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Documents to export (number) 出口所需文件(數(shù)量) |
6 |
6 |
4 |
Time to export (days) 出口所需時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
12 |
17 |
10 |
Cost to export (US$ per container) 出口成本(每個(gè)集裝箱) |
890 |
1,268 |
1,028 |
Documents to import (number) 進(jìn)口所需文件(數(shù)量) |
8 |
7 |
5 |
Time to import (days) 進(jìn)口所需時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
17 |
19 |
10 |
Cost to import (US$ per container) 進(jìn)口成本(每個(gè)集裝箱) |
880 |
1,612 |
1,080 |
Nature of Export Procedures 出口程序 |
Duration (days) 時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
US$ Cost 費(fèi)用US$ |
Documents preparation 文件準(zhǔn)備 |
5 |
150 |
Customs clearance and technical control 清關(guān)及技術(shù)控制 |
2 |
130 |
Ports and terminal handling 港口處置 |
3 |
330 |
Inland transportation and handling 內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸和處置 |
2 |
280 |
Totals 全部 |
12 |
890 |
Nature of Import Procedures 進(jìn)口程序 |
Duration (days) 時(shí)間(天數(shù)) |
US$ Cost 費(fèi)用US$ |
Documents preparation 文件準(zhǔn)備 |
7 |
150 |
Customs clearance and technical control 清關(guān)及技術(shù)控制 |
3 |
120 |
Ports and terminal handling 港口和處置 |
5 |
330 |
Inland transportation and handling 內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸 |
2 |
280 |
Totals 全部 |
17 |
880 |
Export documents 出口文件 |
Import documents 進(jìn)口文件 |
Bill of lading 提單 |
Bill of lading 提單 |
Certificate of origin 原產(chǎn)地證書 |
Cargo release order 貨物放行通知 |
Commercial Invoice 商業(yè)發(fā)票 |
Certificate of origin 原產(chǎn)地證書 |
Customs export declaration 出口海關(guān)申報(bào)單 |
Collection order 托收單 |
Packing List 裝箱單 |
Commercial invoice 商業(yè)發(fā)票 |
Terminal handling receipts 港口處置收據(jù) |
Customs import declaration 進(jìn)口海關(guān)申報(bào)單 |
|
Packing list 裝箱單 |
|
Terminal handling receipts 港口處置收據(jù) |
Enforcing Contracts
強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行合同
The ease or difficulty of enforcing commercial contracts is measured below. This is determined by following the evolution of a payment dispute and tracking the time, cost, and number of procedures involved from the moment a plaintiff files the lawsuit until actual payment.
下面是衡量強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行合同的難易程度。以下是從原告向法院提交訴訟,直至實(shí)際支付的價(jià)款的時(shí)間內(nèi),支付爭(zhēng)議的演變和跟蹤時(shí)間,成本和程序的數(shù)量。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
115 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
115 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
0 |
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美和加勒比 |
OECD 經(jīng)合組織 |
Time (days) 時(shí)間(天數(shù)) The time to resolve a dispute, counted from the moment the plaintiff files the lawsuit in court until payment. This includes both the days when actions take place and the waiting periods between. 解決爭(zhēng)議的時(shí)間,自訴訟人向法院提起訴訟到取得賠償?shù)臅r(shí)間。包括采取行動(dòng)和等候的時(shí)間。 |
428 |
727 |
510 |
Cost (% of claim) 費(fèi)用 The cost in court fees and attorney fees, where the use of attorneys is mandatory or common, expressed as a percentage of the debt value. 包括法庭費(fèi)用和律師費(fèi)用,表示為與債務(wù)價(jià)值的百分比 |
35.7 |
30.8 |
20.1 |
Procedures (number) 程序(數(shù)量) The average number of procedures to enforce a contract. The list of procedural steps compiled for each economy traces the chronology of a commercial dispute before the relevant court. 強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行合同的程序數(shù)量。 |
41 |
40 |
31 |
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
|
Time (days) 時(shí)間 |
428 |
Filing and service 服務(wù) |
82 |
Trial and judgment 審訊和判決 |
171 |
Enforcement of judgment 強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 |
175 |
Cost (% of claim) 成本 |
35.7 |
Attorney cost (% of claim) 律師費(fèi)用 |
30 |
Court cost (% of claim) 法庭費(fèi)用 |
4.7 |
Enforcement Cost (% of claim) 執(zhí)行費(fèi)用 |
1 |
Procedures (number)程序 |
41 |
Number of Procedures 程序數(shù)量 |
42 |
Specialized commercial courts 專業(yè)商事法庭 |
-1 |
Total Number of Procedures 所有程序數(shù)量 |
41 |
Resolving Insolvency
破產(chǎn)解決
The time and cost required to resolve bankruptcies is shown below. The data identifies weaknesses in existing bankruptcy law and the main procedural and administrative bottlenecks in the bankruptcy process. The recovery rate, expressed in terms of how many cents on the dollar claimants recover from the insolvent firm, is also shown.
破產(chǎn)解決所需的時(shí)間和成本如下所示。數(shù)據(jù)顯示了現(xiàn)行的破產(chǎn)法的弱點(diǎn)和破產(chǎn)程序和管理中的瓶頸,恢復(fù)率,表示為從破產(chǎn)企業(yè)每一索賠的美元中多少美分可以恢復(fù)。
DB 2013 Rank 2013年排名 |
106 |
DB 2012 Rank 2012年排名 |
106 |
Change in Rank 排名變化 |
0 |
Indicator 指標(biāo) |
Peru 秘魯 |
Latin America & Caribbean 拉美及加勒比 |
OECD |
Time (years) 時(shí)間(年) The average time to close a business. Information is collected on the sequence of procedures and on whether any procedures can be carried out simultaneously. 關(guān)閉一個(gè)商業(yè)的平均時(shí)間。 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
1.7 |
Cost (% of estate) 費(fèi)用(%財(cái)產(chǎn)) The average cost of bankruptcy proceedings. The cost of the proceedings is recorded as a percentage of the estate’s value. 破產(chǎn)程序的平均費(fèi)用,為財(cái)產(chǎn)價(jià)值的百分比例。 |
7 |
16 |
9 |
Outcome (0 as piecemeal sale and 1 as going concern 結(jié)果((0 分段出售 , 1 繼續(xù)經(jīng)營) |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Recovery rate (cents on the dollar) 恢復(fù)率(分對(duì)美元) The recovery rate calculates how many cents on the dollar claimants (creditors, tax authorities, and employees) recover from an insolvent firm. 計(jì)算破產(chǎn)企業(yè)每一索賠的美元中多少美分可以恢復(fù)。 |
28.1 |
34.1 |
70.6 |